MP-BGP VPNv4

• VRF lite is the USING VRF without MPLS.
• VRF lite main problem is scalability issue.
• this scalability problem will be overcomed by "dynamic tunneling"
• For dynamic tunneling MPLS technology is used.
• there are remote customers.
• they were connected via cloud.
• Remote customers are connected to cloud via Provider edge routers.
• Provider edger routers are connected with full mesh of label switching routers.
• These Label switching packets are used for tunneling VPN packets.
• When packet switching via tunnel between & to reach the customer uses the 2 types of Labels
• one for switch between 2 provider edge routers(outer label)
• 2nd one for selecting the correct vrf on outgoing provider edge(inner label)
• This label is also known as VPN label
• MPLS label switching routers are unidirectional.
• MPLS LSR are not used normal IGP protocols.
• send from source udp port number 646  to destination tcp add 224.0.0.2
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